Qualitative research is often used to gain a general sense of phenomena and to form theories that can be tested using further quantitative research. 162) concludes that “large amounts of qualitative work have usually been prerequisite to fruitful quantification in the physical sciences”. For example, based on analysis of the history of science, Kuhn (1961, p. Although a distinction is commonly drawn between qualitative and quantitative aspects of scientific investigation, it has been argued that the two go hand in hand. Approaches to quantitative psychology were first modelled on quantitative approaches in the physical sciences by Gustav Fechner in his work on psychophysics, which built on the work of Ernst Heinrich Weber. In the social sciences particularly, quantitative research is often contrasted with qualitative research which is the examination, analysis and interpretation of observations for the purpose of discovering underlying meanings and patterns of relationships, including classifications of types of phenomena and entities, in a manner that does not involve mathematical models. Virtually all research in physics is quantitative whereas research in other scientific disciplines, such as taxonomy and anatomy, may involve a combination of quantitative and other analytic approaches and methods. Quantitative research is often an iterative process whereby evidence is evaluated, theories and hypothieses are refined, technical advances are made, and so on. :* The generation of models, theories and hypotheses:* The development of instruments and methods for measurement:* Experimental control and manipulation of variables:* Collection of empirical data:* Modeling and analysis of data:* Evaluation of results Quantitative research is generally approached using scientific methods, which include:
The term quantitative research is most often used in the social sciences in contrast to qualitative research.
It is also used as a way to research different aspects of education. Quantitative research is widely used in both the natural sciences and social sciences, from physics and biology to sociology and journalism. The process of measurement is central to quantitative research because it provides the fundamental connection between empirical observation and mathematical expression of quantitative relationships. The objective of quantitative research is to develop and employ mathematical models, theories and/or hypotheses pertaining to natural phenomena. Quantitative research is the systematic scientific investigation of quantitative properties and phenomena and their relationships.
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